M&S v Interflora: the end of witness gathering surveys?

In Marks and Spencer Plc vInterflora Inc ([2012] EWCACiv 1501), the Court of Appealof England and Wales hasconsidered the practice ofadducing favourable evidenceof confusion from members ofthe public in trademark actionswhere such witnesses wereselected from a wider groupof survey respondents – or‘witness gathering exercises’.